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:''For articles about the American drama critic, see: George Jean Nathan George Montague Nathan (1895-1937) was a British volunteer in the International Brigades in Spain. He initially commanded the British Company of the otherwise French Marseillaise Battalion 〔''Thomas (2003), p 475〕 but was appointed battalion commander in early 1937 following the execution of his predecessor (Major Gaston Delasalle) for espionage.〔''Thomas (2003), p 477〕 He later became Chief of Staff of the XV International Brigade and was killed on 16 July 1937〔Beevor (2006), p 280〕 at the Battle of Brunete. Even though he had been turned down for Communist Party membership — either because of his "sexual orientation"〔Eby (2007), p 202〕 or because of his unwillingness to "pretend great political enthusiasm"〔''Gurney'' (1974), p 132〕 - Comintern observers admired him for his "cool arrogance under fire".〔 During the First World War, he fought in the British Army on the Western Front.〔''Gurney'' (1974), pp 93–95〕 He rose from private to company sergeant major and "after three years and 334 days in the service, he was commissioned in the field on 9 April 1917"〔Monks (1985)〕 to become "the only Jewish officer in the Brigade of Guards".〔''Thomas'' (1961), p 347〕 This is what he claimed but Nathan was, as his medal index card shows, commissioned into the Warwickshire Regiment and was never a CSM. Little is known about his activities between 1918 and 1936, (he rejoined the army twice and was discharged the second time with ignomony) though there have been suggestions〔Bennett (1961), pp 471-472〕 that he was responsible for killing the Sinn Féin Lord Mayors Callaghan and Clancy while working undercover for British intelligence with the Black and Tans in Limerick.〔''Thomas'' (2003), p 476〕 He is said to have discussed this with Irish Connolly Column volunteers in Spain in February 1937, saying "We have all grown up politically. We are Socialists together now". Apparently, "the meeting responded to the spirit of his speech and clapped him".〔 ==Sources== * Beevor, Antony. ''The Battle for Spain: The Spanish Civil War 1936-1939''. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2006. ISBN 978-0-297-84832-5 * Bennett, Richard, "Portrait of a Killer", ''New Statesman'', 24 March 1961, pp 471–472 * Cook, Judith. ''Apprentices of Freedom''. Quartet Books, 1979. ISBN 978-0-7043-2186-1 * Eby, Cecil. ''Comrades and Commissars'', Pennsylvania State University Press, 2007. ISBN 978-0-271-02910-8 * Gurney, Jason. ''Crusade in Spain'', 1974. ISBN 978-0-571-10310-2 * Copeman, Fred. ''Reason in Revolt'', 1948. Blandford Press * McGarry, Fearghal. ''Irish Politics and the Spanish Civil War'', 1999, Cork University Press. ISBN 978-1-85918-239-0 * Monks, Joe. ''With the Reds in Andalusia'', 1985, John Cornford Poetry Group. * Szurek, Alek. ''The Shattered Dream'', 1989. Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-88033-160-9 * Thomas, Hugh. ''The Spanish Civil War'', 1961. 1st ed. * Thomas, Hugh. ''The Spanish Civil War'', 2003. 4th Rev. Ed 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「George Nathan」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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